Left part (a × b)
12 sq units
Right part (a × c)
6 sq units
Whole rectangle
18 sq units
a × (b + c) = 3 × (4 + 2) = 3 × 6 = 18
a×b + a×c = 12 + 6 = 18
Drag the brass dot to change b and the mustard dot to change c; the grey dot changes the height a. The whole rectangle is a × (b + c) — but it's also just the two pieces, a×b and a×c, added together. That's the whole law.