Roll a fair die. What's the chance of an even number?
The sample space — every equally likely outcome
Favourable
3
Total outcomes
6
Step 1 — Write the ruleP(event) = favourable ÷ total
Step 2 — Count the outcomesP = 3 ÷ 6
Step 3 — Tidy the fractionP = 1/2
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Highlight which outcomes count as favourable (they go brass), count them, then divide by how many outcomes there are altogether. A simplest-form fraction or the same value works.